Controllable risk factors for infectious diseases

There are hundreds of pathogens present in the environment capable of causing infectious diseases in humans. Some of these diseases, such as HIV/AIDS and Ebola, are greatly feared when death is the only way to get rid of the infection. Most of these diseases occur as a result of certain risk factors that can be categorized into controllable and uncontrollable risk factors.

Some of the risk factors that can cause disease are largely ignored and inadequately addressed. These types of risk factors are known as controllable risk factors. It is possible to control the spread of infectious diseases and prevent an outbreak by proper management of these factors. Some of the risk factors for infectious diseases are explained below.

1. Unprotected sexual relations: Sexually transmitted diseases such as AIDS are mainly caused by unhealthy or unprotected sexual practices. It is always better to use condoms during sexual intercourse. Other than that, one should always avoid performing oral sex on a stranger. It’s always better if you stay true to your better half.

2. Untreated open wounds: This factor presents the highest risk of becoming infected with pathogens. Open wounds should always be treated with immediate effect.

3. Poor Hygiene – Soil contaminants such as nematodes are spread into the system when people eat food without washing their hands. It is always good to maintain good hygiene. One should wash hands before and after consuming food. Clothing, including underwear, must be changed regularly. They should be cleaned thoroughly with a good detergent.

4. Spoiled Food: Several foodborne infections, such as brucellosis, are spread through the consumption of spoiled food that is already contaminated with pathogens. Even pathogens like nematodes are spread through raw food. Therefore, it is important to cook food well and eat it before it spoils.

5. Unhealthy Diet: Diet that is lacking in important ingredients like protein, fat, minerals, vitamins and carbohydrates can lead to decreased immunity. People with an unhealthy diet are very vulnerable to infectious diseases.